DISCOVERY CHANNEL: TESORO BAJO LA SAL - DESAFIO DE BRASIL.

El descubrimiento de pre-sal en la costa de brasil está considerado uno de los grandes acontecimientos de la industria petrolífera. si hay el potencial de 100 billones de barriles, estamos hablando de tener prácticamente un irak en la costa brasilera.

Este documental muestra la capacidad tecnológica que ha desarrollado Brasil para encontrar estas zonas petrolíferas en el mar, cuenta este país con laboratorios sostificados que le permiten simular los diferentes fenómenos que se dan al estar tan alejados de la costa y al tratar de perforar altas profundidades, además las condiciones ambientales son extremas lo que aumenta el riesgo de cualquier accidente y Petrobras cuenta con las herramientas para afrontar esta adversidades.

"Brasil está entre uno de los mayores productores de petróleo en aguas profundas del mundo y está por convertirse en el único país en extraerlo a 7000 metros bajo el mar.

El Tesoro Bajo la Sal explica cómo funciona esta innovadora forma de exploración y producción de petróleo. Con grandes riesgos y costos asociados, ¿será este mega-proyecto viable y realmente beneficioso para la sociedad? Presencia el documental para descubrir cómo los especialistas planean superar todas las barreras, utilizando la más innovadora tecnología para realizar un nuevo avance histórico."

MODERN CHEMICAL ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY - JAMES J. SHENG.

Today fossil fuels supply more than 85% of the world’s energy. Currently, we
are producing roughly 87 million barrels per day—32 billion barrels per year
in the world. That means every year the industry has to find twice the remaining
volume of oil in the North Sea just to meet the target to replace the depleted
reserves. Of the 32 billion barrels produced each year, almost 22 billion come
out of sandstone reservoirs. The reserves and production ratios in sandstone
fields have around 20 years of production time left. The proven and probable
reserves in carbonate fields have around 80 years of production time left (Montaron,
2008). With global energy demand and consumption forecast to grow
rapidly during the next 20 years, a more realistic solution to meet this need lies
in sustaining production from existing fields for several reasons:
● The industry cannot guarantee new discoveries.
● New discoveries are most likely to lie in offshore, deep offshore, or difficultto-
produce areas.
● Producing unconventional resources would be more expensive than producing
from existing brown fields by enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods.


CONTENIDO DEL LIBRO:

● Chapter 1: introduces general EOR and how this book is organized.
● Chapter 2: discusses the fundamentals of chemical transport and fractional
flow analysis.
● Chapter 3: reviews salinity and ion exchange, and the effect of salinity on
waterflooding.
● Chapter 4: proposes a new mobility control requirement for enhanced oil
recovery processes.
● Chapter 5: presents fundamentals and field practices of polymer flooding.
● Chapter 6: reviews polymer viscoelastic behavior.
● Chapter 7: discusses the fundamentals, concepts, and issues related to surfactant
flooding.
● Chapter 8: proposes new concepts of optimum salinity type and optimum
salinity profile in surfactant flooding.
● Chapter 9: discusses surfactant-polymer interactions.
● Chapter 10: presents the fundamentals and modeling of alkaline flooding.
● Chapter 11: discusses alkaline-polymer interactions.
● Chapter 12: discusses alkaline-surfactant synergy.
● Chapter 13: focuses on emulsion and ASP field applications.

TIPO DE ARCHIVO: Pdf.

IDIOMA: Ingles.

AUTOR: James J. Sheng.

PAGINAS: 630 pags.

TAMAÑO: 6.11 MB.

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MECHANICS OF OFFSHORE PIPELINES VOLUME 1 BUCKLING AND COLLAPSE - STELIOS KYRIAKIDES & EDMUNDO CORONA.

Although offshore oil and gas production was conducted throughout the entire 20th century,
the industry’s modern importance and vibrancy did not start until the early 1970s,
when the North Sea became a major producer. Since then, the expansion of the offshore
oil industry into many parts of the world has been both continuous and rapid. This growth
has been coupled with a gradual movement to increasingly deeper waters, where today
production has reached approximately 7,000 ft (2,130 m) while exploration is proceeding
as deep as 10,000 ft (3,050 m).
Pipelines, and more generally long tubular structures, are major oil and gas industry
tools used in exploration, drilling, production, and transmission. Installing and operating
tubular structures in deep waters places unique demands on them. The high pressures
and elevated temperatures of the oil wells, the high ambient external pressures, the large
forces involved during installation, and generally the hostility of the environment can
result in a large number of limit states that must be addressed.
The technical challenges of the field have spawned significant research.




CONTENIDO DEL LIBRO:

1. Introduction.
2. Offshore Facilities and Pipeline Installation Methods.
3. Pipe and Tube Manufacturing Processes.
4. Buckling and Collapse Under External Pressure.
5. Collapse of UOE Pipe Under External Pressure.
6. Collapse of Dented Pipes Under External Pressure.
7. Buckling and Collapse Under Combined External Pressure
   and Tension.
8. Inelastic Response, Buckling and Collapse Under Pure Bending.
9. Buckling and Collapse Under Combined Bending and
   External Pressure.
10. Inelastic Response Under Combined Bending and Tension.
11. Plastic Buckling and Collapse Under Axial Compression.
12. Combined Internal Pressure and Axial Compression.
13. Elements of Plasticity Theory.
14. Appendix A: Mechanical Testing.
15. Appendix B: Plastic Anisotropy in Tubes.
16. Appendix C: The Ramberg–Osgood Stress–Strain Fit.
17. Appendix D: Sanders’ Circular Cylindrical Shell Equations.
18. Appendix E: Stress–Strain Fitting for the Dafalias–Popov Model.
19. Appendix F: Stress–Strain Fitting for the Tseng–Lee Model.
20. Appendix G: Glossary and Nomenclature.
21. Appendix H: Units and Conversions.
    

TIPO DE ARCHIVO: Pdf.

IDIOMA: Ingles.

PAGINAS: 415 pags.

TAMAÑO: 8.13 MB.

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